Umbellíferae carpological data base

Title
Ferula
Ferulago
Ferulopsis
Foeniculum
Froriepia
Fuernrohria
Galagania
Gasparrinia
Geocaryum
Glaucosciadium
Glehnia
Glochidotheca
Gongylosciadium
Gongylotaxis
Grafia
Grammosciadium
Guillonea
Hacquetia
Halosciastrum
Hansenia
Haplosphaera
Harrysmithia
Haussknechtia
Hellenocarum
Helosciadium
Heptaptera
Heracleum
Hladnikia
Hohenackeria
Horstrissea

Umbellíferae carpological data base

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1. fruits separating into mericarps
2. fruits free, not separating into mericarps
3. fruits not separating into mericarps and fused with pedicels of neighbouring flowers and involucel bracts

1. ovate
2. orbicular
3. didymous
4. elliptic
5. lanceolate
6. linear-lanceolate
7. linear

1. with carpophore bifid to the base
2. with carpophore bifid to the middle
3. with entire carpophore
4. carpophore obsolete

1. beak absent
2. with short beak
3. with long beak

1. mericarps homomorphic
2. mericarps heteromorphic

1. glabrous
2. scabrous
3. sparsely pubescent on ribs
4. sparsely pubescent all over
5. densely hairy
6. spiny
7. covered with straight spines
8. covered with hooked spines
9. covered with bristles
10. covered with scales
11. covered by wart-like outgrowths
12. tuberculate
13. covered with capitate hairs

1. strongly compressed dorsally
2. slightly compressed dorsally
3. terete
4. compressed laterally

1. with primary ribs
2. with primary and secondary ribs

1. all ribs equal
2. median rib and lateral ribs equal and distinct from marginal ribs
3. lateral ribs broader than median and marginal ribs

1. all primary ribs inconspicuous
2. all primary ribs equal, filiform
3. all primary ribs equal, keeled
4. all primary ribs equal, narrow-winged
5. all primary ribs equal, winged
6. all primary ribs equal, thickened

1. dorsal ribs inconspicuous
2. dorsal ribs filiform
3. dorsal ribs keeled
4. dorsal ribs narrow-winged
5. dorsal ribs winged
6. dorsal ribs thickened

1. marginal ribs filiform
2. marginal ribs keeled
3. marginal ribs narrow-winged
4. marginal ribs winged
5. marginal ribs thickened
6. marginal ribs thickened in distal part

1. median rib obsolete
2. median rib filiform
3. median rib keeled
4. median rib narrow-winged
5. median rib winged
6. median rib thickened

1. lateral ribs keeled
2. lateral ribs narrow-winged
3. lateral ribs winged
4. lateral ribs thickened

1. marginal ribs obsolete
2. marginal ribs filiform
3. marginal ribs keeled
4. marginal ribs narrow-winged
5. marginal ribs winged
6. marginal ribs thickened

1. mericarp ribs straight
2. mericarp ribs wavy
3. mericarp ribs plicate

1. with toothed margin
2. with entire margin

1. secondary ribs filiform
2. secondary ribs keeled
3. secondary ribs winged
4. secondary ribs with hairs, bristles, prickles, or spines
5. secondary ribs plicate

1. calyx teeth prominent
2. calyx teeth obsolete

1. short
2. equal to stylopodium
3. exceeding stylopodium

1. filiform
2. linear
3. linear-lanceolate
4. lanceolate
5. triangular
6. elliptic
7. pinnate

1. stylopodia obsolete
2. stylopodia flat
3. stylopodia low conical
4. stylopodia conical
5. stylopodia narrow conical

1. styles short
2. styles medium
3. styles long

1. erect
2. spreading
3. recurved

1. cell borders distinct
2. cell borders indistinct

1. surface smooth
2. surface longitudinally sulcate
3. surface longitudinally rugate
4. surface irregularly rugate
5. surface foveolate-tuberculate
6. surface undulate
7. surface with small tubercles
8. surface papillose
9. surface with conical projections

1. cells isodiametric
2. cells elongated

1. anticlinal walls convex
2. anticlinal walls concave
3. anticlinal walls as narrow grooves above the middle lamella

1. outer cell walls flat
2. outer cell walls convex
3. outer cell walls concave
4. outer cell walls dome-shaped
5. outer cell walls palisade
6. outer cell walls with cylindric papillae
7. outer cell walls with capitate papillae
8. outer cell walls with small dome-shaped tubercle
9. outer cell wall conical
10. outer cell walls with small cones

1. cuticle smooth
2. cuticle sparse striate
3. cuticle striate with straight striae
4. cuticle striate with wavy striae
5. cuticle striate with tuberculate striae
6. cuticle rugulate
7. cuticle sparse rugulate
8. cuticle 3D striato-rugulate
9. cuticle striato-knotted
10. cuticle reticulato-rugulate
11. cuticle tuberculate
12. cuticle rugulate-tuberculate

1. cuticle on hairs smooth
2. cuticule on hairs remote-striate
3. cuticle on hairs striate
4. cuticle on hairs rugulate
5. cuticle on hairs remote-rugulate
6. cuticle on hairs tuberculate
7. cuticle on hairs rugulate-tuberculate

1. exocarp cells small
2. exocarp cells large

1. commissure narrow, exocarp almost reaches carpophore
2. commissure intermediate
3. commissure broad, exocarp interrupted near edges of marginal ribs

1. inner fibrous mesocarp present, continous
2. inner mesocarp with isolated groups of elongated lignified cells
3. inner fibrous mesocarp obsolete

1. mesocarp parenchyma not lignified
2. mesocarp parenchyma not lignified, destroyed at maturity (exocarp separating)
3. mesocarp parenchyma partly composed of cells with lignified pitted walls
4. most of mesocarp composed of cells with lignified pitted walls
5. mesocarp with sclerenchyma cell groups
6. mesocarp with continuous sclerenchyma layer

1. vascular bundles compact
2. vascular elements diffuse, not forming bundles

1. situated in primary rib bases
2. situated medially in primary ribs
3. situated distally in primary ribs
4. occupying the whole ribs
5. several vascular bundles scattered in lignified tissue of marginal ribs, vascular bundles of dorsal ribs being solitary

1. vittae obsolete in mature fruit
2. vittae vallecular and commissural
3. vittae vallecular only
4. vittae commissural only
5. vittae cyclic
6. vittae diffuse

1. septate
2. non-septate

1. solitary in furrows
2. 2–5 in each furrow

1. two on commissural side
2. 4–10 on commissural side

1. rib sectetory ducts small, present in all ribs
2. rib sectetory ducts large, present in all ribs
3. rib sectetory ducts small, present in some ribs only
4. rib sectetory ducts obsolete

1. endocarp not lignified
2. endocarp somewhat lignified
3. endocarp strongly lignified

1. crystals obsolete
2. crystals cyclic
3. crystals diffuse in mesocarp parenchyma
4. crystals commissural only
5. crystals in exocarp only

1. endosperm flat, slightly convex or slightly concave on commissural side
2. endosperm with broad, shallow groove on commissural side
3. endosperm with broad, deep groove on commissural side
4. endosperm with narrow, deep groove on commissural side
5. endosperm with mushroom-like groove on commissural side

1. embryo with two cotyledons
2. embryo with single cotyledon